Upper region of medial border and superior angle of scapula. An aponeurosis is a broad flat expanse of tendon. Such cases represent the developmental defect of muscular agenesis and are diagnosed by Ultrasound or Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans. Synergist muscles help other muscles perform one or more functions. The muscle that is contracting is called the agonist and the muscle that is relaxing or lengthening is called the antagonist. Synergist or Antagonist DRAFT. Contraction of the muscle gives rise to a condition called torticollis or wry neck, and this can have a number of causes. We therefore modeled the effects of drug . Save. Which of the following muscles flexes the neck? Synergist: pectineus, Action: extends knee Underline nouns or pronouns that make up each one. A. rectus abdominis B. transversus abdominis C. erector spinae D. latissimus dorsi. Middle deltoid c. Posterior deltoid d. Superior deltoid, Which shoulder joint muscle is associated with humeral abduction, flexion, horizontal adduction and internal rotation? The manubrium is the uppermost section of the breastbone. (a) Latissimus dorsi (b) Infraspinous (c) Supraspinous (d) Subscapularis. The clavicular head is composed of fleshy and aponeurotic fibers, arises from the upper, frontal surface of the medial third of the clavicle; it is directed almost vertically upward. a) Flexor pollicis longus b) Vastus medialis c) Rectus femoris d) Soleus e) Gluteus maximus, Which of the following elbow flexor muscles is also a forearm supinator? A. Sternocleidomastoid. for free. Variations Of The Sternocleidomastoid Muscle: A Literature Review. Differentiate between: a. Middle: Pectoralis minor, serratus anterior Synergist: Extensor carpi radialis longus, Action: Extends and adducts wrists Synergist: flexor carpi radialis, Action: Arm abduction They assist the SCM in turning and tilting both the head and neck. (a) sternocleidomastoid (b) splenius capitis (c) semispinalis cervicis (d) scalenus anterior. Synergist: Gastrocnemius, Action: Flexes toes Finally, look up each word in the dictionary and record the definitions on the lines below. The party are in excellent health and sperits, zealously attached to the enterprise, and anxious to proceed; not a whisper or murmur or discontent to be heard among them, but all act in unison, and with the most perfict harmony. The sternocleidomastoid is innervated by the accessory nerve . Prime mover, Synergist, Antagonistic muscles.wmv Vitamin D and diabetes Dr. John Campbell 3 days ago New Muscle Spindle & Stretch Reflex || Knee Jerk Reflex Elbow joint. The sternocleidomastoid is innervated by accessory nerve of the same side. Share and download Seeleys essentials of anatomy physiology ( etc.) The scalenes are synergist muscles, or helper, muscles to the sternocleidomastoid. Clavo-trapezius (posterior; superior to acromio-trapezius) . The splenius captis is located on the lateral side of the C7. Sternocleidomastoid Synergists Scalenes, opposite side of splenius capitis Sternocleidomastoid Antagonists Upper Traps, opposite side of the SCM Scalenes Origin Anterior,Medial, and Posterior Transverse Processes of the Cervical Vertabrae Scalenes Insertion Anterior Insertion- First Rib Medial Insertion- First Rib Posterior Insertion- Second Rib last ten years, I could but esteem this moment of my departure as among the most happy of my life. Antagonist: Brachioradialis What muscle(s) serves as an antagonist to the biceps? About a dozen cases have reported complete unilateral absence of the muscle. New York. Synergist: Extensor hallucis longus, Action: Extends big toe To explain skeletal muscle movements as activities of agonists (prime movers), antagonists, and synergists. d) biceps brachii. D. Pectoralis minor. Nerve Supply: Cervical nerve 7. Antagonist: Pronator teres In many animals, the cleidomastoid belly is distinctly separate from the sternomastoid belly. To define the origin, insertion, and belly of a skeletal muscle. Rotation of the head to the opposite side or obliquely rotate the head. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Bilaterally: Stabilizes the head, flexion of the head and neck, checkreins backwardmotion of the head and neck, Innervation:Accessory nerve: cranial nerve XII and ventral rami of the (C2, C3), Blood Supply:Branches from the vertebral artery, 1. It tilts your head to the ipsilateral (same) side to which the muscle is located. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. a. Longissimus. antagonist: tensor fasciae latae, gluteal minimus, medius muscles, synergist: gastrocnemius 3. Antagonist: Triceps Synergist: Quadriceps, Action: Plantar Flexion StatPearls. The sternocleidomastoid muscles (SCM) help with functions such as head rotation, head tilt, pointing the chin toward the breastbone, and more. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. There are reports of a broad clavicular head splitting into multiple small muscular slips. antagonist: triceps brachii, synergist: biceps brachii Play this game to review undefined. What are various methods available for deploying a Windows application? This tent is in the Indian stile formed of a number of (8) dressed Buffaloe skins sewed together with sinues. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Antagonist: infraspinatus a. coracobrachialis b. latissimus dorsi c. levator scapulae d. pectoralis minor, Which of the following muscles is responsible for scapular elevation, retraction, and downward rotation? All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. skeletal muscle is attached to bone at origin and insertion. Is this considered flexion or extension? Unilaterally: Rotate the vertebral column, Lab 17 & 18 Action, Synergist, Antagonist, Head and Neck Muscles - Action, Antagonist, S, Byron Almen, Dorothy Payne, Stefan Kostka, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, 1103 - Ch 5: Muscles of the Head, Neck & Face, Micro Exam Chapter 6/7/9 and Chart of Names (. (d) Segmental branches. It is partially covered by the gluteus maximus. a. Abductor pollicis brevis b. Opponens pollicis c. Flexor pollicis brevis d. Extensor pollicis longus, Which of the following muscles is (only) responsible for scapular protraction, downward rotation, and depression? Edit. Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.Click to see the original works with their full license. (a) Deltoid (b) Flexor digitorum superficialis (c) Biceps brachii (d) Teres major. antagonist: tensor fasciae latae, gluteal minimus, and medius muscles, synergist: adductor muscles and gracilis The SCM is part of a group of muscles known as the anterolateral neck flexors. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. This study described effects of experimental muscle pain on resting EMG activity in a jawclosing muscle and a leg muscle. A) The sternocleidomastoid is the prime mover, and the splenius cervicis is the fixator. Muscles. Synergist: pectineus, Action: Hip flexor Top Contributors - Venus Pagare, Admin, Kim Jackson, Joao Costa, Daniele Barilla, WikiSysop, Joshua Samuel, Evan Thomas, Tarina van der Stockt and Lucinda hampton, Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) (synonym musculus sternocleidomastoideus)is a paired superficial muscle in the anterior portion of the neck. a. triceps brachii b. pronator quadratus c. adductor pollicis d. flexor carpi radialis e. abductor pollicis brevis, Which of the following muscles is a lateral rotator of the arm? a. Frontalis b. Occipitalis c. Masseter d. Sternocleidomastoid e. Rectus Abdominis f. Pectoralis Minor g. Pectoralis Major h. Supraspinatus i. Infraspinatus j. Subscapularis, All of the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint have a distal attachment on the humerus, except one. It can be felt on each side of the neck when a person moves their head to the opposite side. What is the antagonist muscle in elbow flexion? Insertion: Attaches to the mastoid process and the lateral half of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone. Get Top Tips Tuesday and The Latest Physiopedia updates, The content on or accessible through Physiopedia is for informational purposes only. - a synergist - an antagonist - a fixator - a prime mover - an antagonist. Synergist: Masseter, Action: Flex & Rotate neck a) Splenius capitis b) Semispinalis capitis c) Sternocleidomastoid d) Trapezius, What are attachments for these muscles, and their functions? Lateral surface of the mastoid process through a strong tendon, and to the lateral half of superior nucheal line through an aponeurosis. It is sometimes also called the "prime mover". Physiopedia articles are best used to find the original sources of information (see the references list at the bottom of the article). Innervation is when an organ or body part is supplied with nerves. (b) Analyze Cause and Effect: How do the soothsayers' predictions help prompt the king's wishes? Antagonist: Tibialis posterior When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Antagonist: Digastric (a) Teres major (b) Supraspinatus (c) Biceps brachii (d) Brachialis (e) Pectoralis major. Why did medieval Europe's attitudes toward Jews change? The SCM muscle helps turn and bend your neck. Muscle overlays on the human body. For example, the agonist, or prime mover, for hip flexion would be the iliopsoas. "offense, offence". as a prime mover contracts the according to the size and function of the mus- antagonist progressively relaxes, . This condition when present in humans is considered to be a variation from normal. Which of the following muscles supinates the forearm? Which of the following muscles is used in breathing? (I bought one thing for Dad. KenHub. Which of the following muscles extends the head on the neck? choose all that apply. Synergist: Supinator, Action: Extends and flares fingers Which of the following muscle is found in the head? Sternal Head:Upper part of the anterior surface of the manubrium The sternocleidomastoid muscle is one of the largest and most superficial cervical muscles. d) buccinator. What is the antagonist muscle in elbow flexion? c) medial pterygoid. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. B. Abdominal. The SCN can produce several different neck movements. a. splenius cervicis b. latissimus dorsi c. trapezius (upper fibers) d. serratus anterior e. teres major. Download page 151-200 on PubHTML5. Antagonist: Extensor digitorium longus What muscle attaches at the anterior superior iliac spine, and crosses both the hip and knee joints? Antagonist: B), Which large muscle has an attachment on the external occipital protuberance and extends the neck? The Anatomy of the Brachiocephalic Artery, Superficial Layer of the Intrinsic Back Muscles, Causes of Collarbone Pain and Treatment Options, Hamstring Muscles: Anatomy, Function, and Common Injuries, spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerve 11), Anatomy, head and neck, sternocleidomastoid muscle. The sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) is an important landmark in the neck which divides it into an anterior and a posterior triangle. 83% average accuracy. Primary Actions of the Sternocleidomastoid. Vascular supply: Muscular branches of the ascending Cervical artery. antagonist: quadriceps femoris muscles, synergist: soleus The passage is written by Lewis and dated April 7, 1805. What is the relationship between these muscles when bowing your head? Antagonist: Palmaris longus What are the muscles of the Belly? The relationship between these muscles when bowing you head is C) The sternocleidomastoid is the prime mover and the splenius cervicis is the Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Muscles that Act on the Scapula . a. platysma b. occipitalis c. sternohyoid d. mylohyoid. It also flexes the neck. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The primary actions of the muscle are rotation of the head to the opposite side and flexion of the neck. Many important structures relate to the sternocleidomastoid, including the common carotid artery, accessory nerve, and brachial plexus. The antagonist of the splenius capitis muscle is the Sternocleidomastoid. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. [2] Itprotects the vertical neurovascular bundle of neck, branches of cervical plexus, deep cervical lymph nodes and soft tissues of neck from damage[2], Image: Sternocleidomastoid muscle (highlighted in green) - anterior view[3], This 2 minute video is a good summary of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The Internet Journal of Human Anatomy, 2010, Kaur D et al. I bought Dad^a screwdriver set for Christmas. a. Levator scapulae b. Pectoralis minor c. Rhomboid d. Serratus anterior e. Trapezius, Which of the following muscles is a rotator cuff muscle? These muscles run up, along the spine, from the base to the skull. Synergist: Tensor fascia latae, Action: Extends thigh Torticollis. Which of the following does not attach to the corocoid process of the scapula? When both SCM muscles contract, the movements can include: Simultaneous bilateral SCM muscle contraction also plays a role in the breathing process. b) orbicularis oris. (a) biceps brachii (b) triceps brachii (c) jaw (d) tongue. The following passage is from a journal kept by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark during their heralded exploration of the American West. Antagonist: Tensor fascia latae The SCM becomes chronically shortened in cases of torticollis. (a) Teres major (b) Triceps brachii (c) Pectoralis major (d) Latissimus dorsi. Bilateral SCM muscle contraction thrusts the chin forward when your head is level. In this situation, the SCM also turns the face upward just a little, adding in a bit of neck extension. (b) The glenohumeral joint allows for movement in which dimensions? Which of the following muscles does not attach to the humerus? In the space at the left, write the letter of the pair of words related to each other in the same way as the capitalized pair. "5. c) pectoralis major. Which of the following muscles is most active during flexion of the arm/glenohumeral joint? Synergist: teres major, Action: Lateral rotation of humerus It covers the anterior surface of the neck superficially. Sternocleidomastoid: Sternocleidomastoid: Rectus Abdominus: Erector Spinae Group: Origin: where muscle meets bone that doesn't move-proximal: Insertion: where muscle meets bone that does move-distal: Agonist: muscle that contracts: Antagonist: muscle that relaxes: Synergist: muscle that also contracts to aid agonist: Fixator Because drugs manifest their action via their targets, the effects of drug combinations should depend on the interaction of their targets in a network manner. Longissimus capitis is the part of the longest muscle of the neck, which serves to rotate the head from side to side and extend the head. Like Seeleys essentials of anatomy physiology ( etc.)? Action: When it is acting superiorly, it elevates the 1st rib as in the process of inhalation; inferiorly, assists in flexion and rotation of the neck. a) Temporalis b) Rectus abdominis c) Erector spinae d) Sternocleidomastoid e) Splenius capitis. ). We describe the main muscle that does an action as the agonist. https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/sternocleidomastoid-muscle, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eD3Ds3GIt9M, https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Sternocleidomastoid&oldid=299309, a medial rounded and tendinous sternal head (SH). Flexion of the head and cervical spine when anterior fibers act bilaterally, 3. Platysma - single sheetlike; covers anterolateral neck; Sternocleidomastoid - paired muscle; PRAYER MUSCLE (a) splenius capitis (b) semispinalis capitis (c) longissimus capitis (d) both (a) and (b) (e) all of the above. Sternothyroid is a paired strap muscle located in the muscular triangle of the neck.It is a part of a group of muscles called the infrahyoid muscles.There are four such muscles that are grouped into superficial and deep layers. Pain was induced by injections of hypertonic saline . b. Quadratus lumborum. The supraclavicularis muscle arises from the manubrium behind the sternocleidomastoid and passes behind the sternocleidomastoid to the upper surface of the clavicle. Action: Pulls lower lip down to expose lower teeth, Action: Pulls corners of mouth down and lateral, Action: Compresses cheeks as in whistling, Action: Primer mover to close jaw On either side, the SCM diagonally divides the neck musculature into anterior (front) and posterior (back) triangles. Then slowly reread the passage, writing your own definition for each italicized word. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. (a) Brachialis (b) Pronator quadratus (c) Biceps brachii (d) Supinator. a. Levator scapulae b. Pectoralis minor c. Rhomboid d. Serratus anterior e. Trapezius, Which of the following muscles is the prime flexor of the arm at the shoulder joint? The sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) is an important landmark in the neck which divides it into an anterior and a posterior triangle. A. prime mover (agonist) B. antagonist C. synergist D. fixator E. origin F. insertion, Which muscle extends the elbow? chest press -> rotator cuff Antagonist . Synergists and Antagonists Synergists - are groups of muscles working together to cause movement Anatomical Attachments: Origin: The Sternal head attaches to the manubrium of the sternum; the Clavicular head attaches to the medial third of the clavicle. Which muscle depresses the clavicle and stabilizes the pectoral girdle? Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library. In an antagonistic muscle pair, as one muscle contracts, the other muscle relaxes or lengthens. The sternocleidomastoid (right muscle shown) can be clearly observed when rotating the head. Which of the following is the term that describes the relation of brachioradialis to biceps brachii during forearm flexion? 1 What is the synergist muscle for sternocleidomastoid? Synergist: Biceps brachii, Action: Pronates forearm a) Clavicle b) Cervical vertebrae c) Scapula d) Sacrum. D. The sternocleidomastoid is the fixator and the splenius cervicis is the prime mover. Upload your PDF on PubHTML5 and create a flip PDF like Seeleys essentials of anatomy physiology ( etc. Torticollis gives the appearance of a tilted head on the side involved. Scalene Muscle Group Synergist: Sternocleidomastoid, Longus colli and capitis a) trapezius b) levator scapula c) serratus anterior d) latissimus dorsi. Synergist: Tibialis anterior, Action: Stabilizes trunk Sternocleidomastoid (Action, Synergist, Antagonist, BodyBuilder (Y/N)) Action: Flexes or Rotates the Head Synergist: N/A Antagonist: N/A BodyBuilder: Yes . [5][6] It supplies only motor fibres. [3][4] The sternocleidomastoid is thick and narrow at its centre, and broader and thinner at either end. Peripheral Nerve Surgical Procedures for Cervical Dystonia", "64 Cranial Nerve XI: The Spinal Accessory Nerve", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sternocleidomastoid_muscle&oldid=1134499511. (Select all that apply.) Recognizing Compound Indirect Objects. the old post office chicago wedding cost; how does synaptic wiring allow the brain to learn memorize and change; how old was oakes fegley in the goldfinch lake mary ca water temperature synergist and antagonist muscles. Antagonist: triceps brachii The occurrence of such a variation can be explained by fusion failure or abnormal mesodermal splitting during development. a) Gluteus maximus b) Iliopsoas c) Extensor hallucis longus d) Lumbricals e) Dorsal interosseous, Which of the following muscles acts primarily to plantarflex toes 2-5? But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Role of muscles . Introduction ; 11.1 Interactions of Skeletal Muscles, Their Fascicle Arrangement, and Their Lever Systems ; 11.2 Naming Skeletal Muscles ; 11.3 Axial Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Back ; 11.4 Axial Muscles of the Abdominal Wall, and Thorax ; 11.5 Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs ; 11.6 Appendicular Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs ; Key Terms Other functions of the SCM include assisting in breathing, maintaining neck posture, and helping the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function. This would leave no posterior triangle. Drug combinations may exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects. Internet Journal of Medical Update 2013; 8(2):62-64, Sternocleidomastoid muscle (highlighted in green) - anterior view image - Kenhub, Sternocleidomastoid muscle video - Kenhub, Gray, Henry. The splenius captis is located on the lateral side of the C7. Identify the word in given pair that is spelled correctly. M. lavish In the case of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, it is innervated by the accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI). The accessory nerve nucleus is in the anterior horn of the spinal cord around C1-C3, where lower motor neuron fibers mark its origin. antagonist: erector spinae muscles, synergist: rectus abdominis, internal oblique They assist the SCM in turning and tilting both the head and neck. Read the entire passage once to get a general idea of what it is about. The muscle allows the head and vertebrae to extend. antagonist: gluteal muscles, adductor muscles, tensor fascia latae, synergist: adductor muscles, gracilis 2 What muscle is behind the sternocleidomastoid? Which of the following muscles is part of the rotator cuff? Gives you the force to push the ball. Muscles have a point of origin and a point of insertion origin - (head) - normally is more stationary than insertion insertion - undergoes more movement. a. Biceps brachii b. Triceps brachii c. Jaw d. Tongue. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. By working to keep good posture and gently stretch and strengthen the SCM and other muscles around your neck, you can experience improvement of symptoms associated with the SCN. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Antagonist: gluteus maximus (c) Transverse cervical. The other muscles in the anterolateral neck flexor group are the scalenes, which are located more deeply in the neck than the SCM. [7], The sternocleidomastoid is within the investing fascia of the neck, along with the trapezius muscle, with which it shares its nerve supply (the accessory nerve). What is the relationship between these muscles when bowing your head? antagonist: triceps brachii, synergist: external and internal obliques The sternocleidomastoid muscle originates from two locations: the manubrium of the sternum and the clavicle. Middle Fibers: elevation, upward rotation and adduction of the scapula. LAB 5 Muscle I Axial Muscular System Objectives: To know the primary functions of the muscular system. All rights reserved. S, sternocleidomastoid: 7", trapezius; D, deltoid; . The SCM has two heads. Acromio-deltoid (Middle portion of deltoid) Action: Abducts humerus Synergist: Supra-spinatus The sternocleidomastoid muscle is a two-headed neck muscle, which true to its name bears attachments to the manubrium of sternum (sterno-), the clavicle (-cleido-), and the mastoid process of the temporal bone (-mastoid). (a) latissimus dorsi (b) pectoralis major (c) rhomboid (d) subclavius (e) trapezius. We were now about to penetrate a country at least two thousand miles in width, on which the foot of civilized man had never (3) trodden; the good or evil it had in store for us was for experiment yet to determine, and these little vessells contained every article by which we were to expect to (4) subsist or defend ourselves. A few fibers of the SCM insert at the bottom of the. Read the flipbook version of Seeleys essentials of anatomy physiology ( etc.). The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The splenius captis is located on the lateral side of the C7. In the Middle Ages, when the Catholic Church was all-powerful, a(n) ibed_guidance published Seeleys essentials of anatomy physiology ( etc.) When one side acts alone, it causes the head to rotate to the opposite side and flexes laterally to the same side (ipsilaterally). b) triceps brachii. The International Date Line lays(8)\overset{\text{(8)}}{{\underline{\text{lays}}}}lays(8) between two time zones in the Pacific Ocean. Together, they function in swallowing, chewing, and speech, serve as important surgical landmarks in neck dissections and are used routinely for reconstruction. Antagonist: Biceps femoris Antagonist: Gastrocnemius load is the weight of the object. Synergist: deltoid, Action: Forearm flexor However, there are many common except ions end ing with -nse, such as suspense. The muscle allows the head and vertebrae to extend. Some authors regard such fusions to be a normal developmental feature , due to their common derivation from the post- sixth branchial arch. One head attaches to the front (i.e., the anterior surface) of the manubrium. Which of the following muscles is not innervated by the median nerve? These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The upper fibers are syndergistic with the sternocleidomastoid in head and neck movements and through its rotation of the scapula during glenohumeral movement is an essential part of the "scapulohumeral" rhythm. Available from: T Hasan. In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. Structure [ edit] a) biceps femoris b) brachioradialis c) triceps brachii d) pectoralis major e) deltoid. (a) What muscles make up the rotator cuff? 0. The sternocleidomastoid muscles (SCM) help with functions such as head rotation, head tilt, pointing the chin toward the breastbone, and more. Antagonist - muscles that OPPOSE/REVERSE a mov't; Synergist- help prime mover; reducing undesirable/necessary mo't; Fixator - specialized synergist; hold the bone or stabilize origin of P *TRUNK/NECK. One SCM can also turn, or rotate, your head to the opposite side. Along the muscle fibers are t-tubule openings which facilitate the spread of the action potential into the muscle fibers. Antagonist: Adductor mangus Synergist: NA, Action: Forearm supinator Describe how the prime move The scalenes are synergist (helper) muscles to the SCM. a) Anterior Deltoid b) Teres Major c) Infraspinatus d) Latissimus Dorsi, Which of the following muscles acts to flex and adduct the arm? Synergist: Trapezius, Action: prime mover of inspiration E. The sternocleidomastoid is the synergist and the splenius cervicis is the fixator. Abnormal head positioning in utero or difficult birth can lead to development of the compartment syndrome and congenital muscular torticollis sequela.Acquired SCM torticollis, can be post traumatic, myopathy induced, post infectious, drug induced, neurological or following sudden strenuous neck muscle activity.