C. self-serving bias We weren't able to detect the audio language on your flashcards. D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation, Mark knows that he is an excellent liar but he doesn't feel very good about himself in general. True b. How would you frame the issue here? The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. Paul's response demonstrates: A. self-handicapping B. B. self-schema D. 80%; 60%. The false consensus effect is the tendency to overestimate the commonality of one's opinions and unsuccessful behaviors. B. low; low C. the tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities. . A. protecting one's self-image by creating an excuse for later failure A. internal This is an example of the: Amelia is highly embarrassed because she passed gas in class today. Which of the following would be the BEST example of counterregulation? the tendency. A. a confederate C. the right hemisphere B. more negatively B. family situation B. education B. better about their speech and appearance A. high; high C. self-efficacy B. compare ourselves to strangers D. either excel or fail, depending on the situation. B. collectivistic How does the "low-ball" compliance technique work? The field of social cognition first emerged in the __________ as __________. A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action B. weak Who will make the best prediction of how long her new relationship will last? A. depression A. the devil made me do it D. Most psychology research has taken cultural differences into consideration. After that meeting, Elenita decides that Hispanics in general must be independent and outspoken. The false-uniqueness effect is an attributional type of cognitive bias in social psychology that describes how people tend to view their qualities, traits, and personal attributes as unique when in reality they are not. B. external a person thinks they are overly special for being talented or performing a . This is referred to as our: B. the duration You would be correct in speculating that she likely has _______ feelings of self-efficacy. C. it can motivate us to achieve Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals, and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of: B. low self-esteem They forget that there is a difference between the level of knowledge they have on the topic compared to . It is the tendency to anticipate problems and motivate effective coping. B. self-monitoring Basically, you feel less restraint and you forget about moral values and act spontaneously. C. narcissists are more outgoing than those high in self-esteem B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events. C. general; truthful The so-called "gambler's fallacy" refers to. A. personality A knowledge structure that contains information about a concept and its relationship to other concepts (e.g., a structure that contains information about judges and how judges relate to lawyers, criminals, the general public, and so forth) is known as, Research shows that people tend to engage in fewer cognitive errors and biases in everyday thinking. The false consensus effect, the illusory correlation, and the first instinct fallacy are all examples of topics in __________ research. For example: Thinking that other people share your opinion on controversial topics; Overestimating the number of people who are similar to you; A. the false uniqueness effect. B. self-handicapping It is sometimes argued that excess cash held by a firm can aggravate agency problems (as discussed before) and, more generally, reduce incentives for shareholder wealth maximization. What is the false uniqueness effect quizlet? According to Myers, the best term for this symptom is: Milgram's Electric Shock study tests the concept of obedience. How did Asch's study prove the concept of normative social influence? D. self-schema. A. self-esteem C. self-centered B. external people who share one's most prized. Knowing what you do about individualism and collectivism, you can conclude that your neighbor is likely to be a political: C. a social comparison Suppose that a coin is flipped 20 times. B. the self-serving bias. The false consensus effect, or consensus bias, is the social psychological finding that people tend to assume that others agree with them. People tend to want to explore MOST issues thoroughly before making decisions. D. explicit, An example of how social comparisons can actually breed misery, rather than satisfaction, is when we; Which of the following is an explanation for the false consensus effect, but not an explanation for the false uniqueness effect? . The three factors that impact conformity are unanimity of the group, mode of responding, and status of group members. Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform differently when in the presence of others than when alone. C. peaks and then drops sharply A. no different from those with low self-esteem Carmen's underestimation of how long it would take her to complete her paper is an example of: C. self-serving bias The _________ is also known as the better-than-average effect and the Lake Wobegon effect. Research indicates that __________ engage in counterfactual thinking; and that __________ engage in meta-cognition. Her last relationship ended after 6 months and she is strongly motivated to make this relationship last longer. That is, when they think about "sleeping," related concepts are __________. D. Jill who lives in Malaysia. This misconception seems to arise from __________, since plane crash fatalities tend to be widely publicized and are therefore relatively easy for people to bring to mind. D. internal locus of control; self-concept, In the U.S., those living in Hawaii and the deep South exhibit more _______ than those living in the Mountain West states. A. attempt to control other aspects of their lives, such as how often they outside C. U.S. children today report more positive self-feelings than those growing up in the 1960s and 1970s D. headlight effect, Greenberg (2008) argues that, to manage their fear of death and feel that their lives are not in vain, people seek to pursue self-esteem by meeting the standards of their society. Compliance is from a person of equal, whereas obedience is from a person of authority. A. failure and distance ourselves from success. The three types of social influence are information social influence, situational factors, and normative social influence. C. he is demonstrating false pride C. the self-deprecating bias Fundamental attribution error is made when observers overestimate internal dispositional influences and underestimate external situation influences upon other's behavior. He wants to be the "cool dad" but fears that he will be a harsh disciplinarian like his father was. The older students get, the more variance there is in their reading test scores. The test requires people to look at the written names of several colors ("green," "red," "blue," etc. Carmen's underestimation of how long it would take her to complete her paper is an example of: C. hoped-for possible selves; feared possible selves D. general; inflated, Saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we associate ourselves with: You flip a coin ten times in a row. Recall the "Castro study" conducted by Jones and Harris. Social psychology is the study of people in a group. C. individuality - you have a general sense of what they are like, what they do, and how they are different from other people. A. it helps protect us from depression According to the attribution theorist Harold Kelley, people make attributions for others' behaviors -according to the covariation principle. This thought is an example of, The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as, Within the field of social cognition, scripts can be thought of as, A well-known test used in psychological research plays on the distinction between automatic and controlled processing. C. self-esteem the tendency. E-communication, or electronic communication, refers to the transfer of writing, signals, data, sounds, images, signs or intelligence sent via an electronic device. (2010) found that Facebook users were _____ accurate in guessing when they agreed with their friends on political issues and _____ accurate in guessing disagreement. This is an example of: A. ourselves as superior to the competitor B. negative Knowing what you do about individualism and collectivism, you can conclude that your neighbor is likely to be a political: If you have a schema about graduate students, then. Two studies adopted a traditional false consensus paradigm and investigated the relative magnitude of the FCE between the two cultures in three different categories of personal choices (Study 1) and behavioral choices involving hypothetical conflict situations (Study 2). By choosing (b), however, most people are committing, As a child, the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy was once challenged by his older brother to remain standing in a corner until he could stop thinking of a white bear. A. excel Whether tackling a problem set or studying for a test, Quizlet study sets help you retain key facts about False Uniqueness Effect. The tendency for people take credit for their successes but deny blame for their failures is known as. C. defensive pessimism . B. view everyone as relatively average -men and women seem to use different techniques to count sex partners, and seem to define "sex" slightly differently. The Astroten study demonstrated the difference between what we think we will do and what we actually do in a given situation. Definition. This was early evidence of the phenomenon known as. The group leader is hoping people will adopt a(n) _______ locus of control. the tendency to underestimate the extent to which others possess the same beliefs and attributes as oneself or engage in the same behaviors, particularly when these characteristics or behaviors are positive or socially desirable. Review Later. Brian's thinking most clearly reflects A. the false uniqueness effect. B. pete all of the cases in a group from which samples may be drawn for a study. C. defensive pessimism A. planning fallacy B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events The NCE tests a candidate's understanding. This is an example of: 41%; 90% D. punishment and distance ourselves from rewards, B. success and distance ourselves from failure, According to Woodzicka and LaFrance (2001), women reported that they would feel angry if asked sexually harassing questions during a job interview. D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, You have tried to study for an exam with flashcards, with a friend, and with your notes - all to no avail. D. the self-serving bias, The habit of using how we imagine another person perceiving us, as a mirror for perceiving ourselves, is referred to as: Halfway through the second day Carmen was devastated; she wasn't even halfway done yet! Moving to another question will save this response. Mr. X thinks that George W. Bush became president of the U.S. becauseeven though he is not that brilliant or talentedhe made a real effort to campaign well in both 2000 and 2004. Juanita's answer describes her: B. self-monitoring D. impact bias, According to Myers' discussion on social comparison, people typically _______ the standards by which they evaluate their own attainments when they experience a(n) _______ in affluence, status, or achievement. A. collective narcissism B. success and distance ourselves from failure D. undecided, John is about to become a father. overestimate the number of people who agree with them. Which of the following is the BEST example of a schema? At the end of each paragraph, he stops and asks himself what the paragraph was about. D. it helps to buffer stress, B. it makes us feel less vulnerable to risks such as AIDS, Saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we associate ourselves with: how individuals think about social relationships and about other people. A. view others as superior A. false consensus. One thing you ask yourself is whether you have ever seen him explode in anger at anyone else, or in other kinds of situations. -You have a general sense of what cats are like, how they behave, and how they are different from other animals. Josh wishes to be passionately loved, rich, and muscular. C. self-esteem The false uniqueness effect is the tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities and successful behaviors. What is an example of impact bias? C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual. Although he has just slowed his vehicle to the speed limit, he considers himself the "only one on the road" who is obeying the speed limit. -People use themselves as an "anchor" when judging others. C. high The fact that men and women report having had very different numbers of sex partners can be almost completely explained by the fact that men have engaged in more homosexual sex. She is trying to take her mind off of her ex-boyfriend, though, and to focus her attention on other things instead. False consensus effect: When we overestimate how much other people share our perspective or preferences. If one person is "different" somehow, it allows other people to avoid conforming. Yesi and her boyfriend have just broken up, and Yesi has been deeply upset about the breakup for several days. On the day they arrive at his home to meet him, he greets them in ripped sweat pants and a stained T-shirt. These findings are consistent with a motivational interpretation that emphasizes the individual's need to justify or normalize stigmatized behavior and to bolster perceived self-competence. It appears that people with this kind of brain damage, Research on the brain sizes of humans and other animals shows that. bt sport motogp commentators 2021. Your (false) assumption that Vlad is an athlete is MOST clearly an example of: Suppose that Mr. Yipol gives 100 students a reading exam. By choosing (b), people are engaging in, The Stroop test can be thought of as a demonstration of. C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual When people engage in the gambler's fallacy, they. Polina is 3 years old. A. individualists; collectivists Group polarization refers to the tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members. How does the status of group members impact conformity? B. feared possible self I wouldn't have hit that stupid tree and ended up getting this huge ticket! Even though Vlad never actually exercises, you have always assumed that he is an athlete because he hangs around at the gym (like other athletes), drinks bottled water nonstop, and wears sweat suits everywhere. C. mirror-self D. pete's roommate, Self-monitoring is: C. large, selective university Even though stomach cancer kills more people than plane crashes do, most people tend to assume that plane crashes cause more deaths. Benjamin would likely receive a high score on a scale measuring: A. strong A. raise; decrease Research indicates that __________ and __________ are the two main motivations underlying the self-serving bias. The False Consensus Effect is a tendency to overestimate how much people agree with us. Exam 1 Study Guide. If Letha commits the one-shot illusory correlation, she will. If we persist despite initial failures: You would be correct in speculating that she likely has _______ feelings of self-efficacy. A. strong This may sound complicated, but it simply means . the (false) belief that chance events are affected by previous events, and that chance events will "even out" across a relatively short period of time. What is the difference between internal attribution and external attribution? D. popular song lyrics today are more likely to use "we" and "us" than 20 years ago, D. popular song lyrics today are more likely to use "we" and "us" than 20 years ago, Persons from western cultures (e.g., America, England), relative to persons from eastern cultures (e.g., China, Korea), tend to: What differentiates a narcissist from someone high in self-esteem quizlet? Attributing failures to dispositional causes rather than situational causeswhich are unchangeable and uncontrollablesatisfies our need to believe that the world is fair and that we have control over our lives. -both as a result of graduate training involving statistical reasoning, and when they are encouraged to carefully consider different alternatives. D. stress their individual accomplishments and uniqueness, D. stress their individual accomplishments and uniqueness, Goel et al. B. we are more vulnerable to depression D. we can't explain that bad things happen to good people, A. effort and fewer self doubts will help us succeed, A sense that one is competent and effective refers to one's: C. spotlight effect B. weak A. less intelligent than others consistency is perceived to be high, but consensus and distinctiveness are perceived to be low. Most psychology research has used middle-class White American respondents. D. social roles, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. B. no different from those that have only high self-esteem Correct Answer: Access For Free. Social psychology is the study of people in a group. Is the last flip more likely to be heads, more likely to be tails, or equally likely to be heads or tails? The false- uniqueness effect can be compared to the false-consensus effect. A gain-framed appeal focuses on framing something in terms. C. fear Diseo y fabricacin de reactores y equipo cientfico y de laboratorio B. unrealistic optimism. magical thinking. In that class, the teacher works with students to help them identify the criteria they use to make decisions, and points out how some of the criteria might not produce the desired outcomes. make an internal attribution for the $2000 earning, but an external attribution for the $3000 loss. A false-uniqueness effect was found on the part of low-fear subjects, as they tended to underestimate the incidence of low fear among their peers. D. an external locus of control, When you give a presentation in class and feel extremely nervous you will tend to This student is the only Hispanic person she has ever known. The false uniqueness effect is the tendency of an individual to underestimate the extent to which other people share the same positive attitudes and behaviors. Every single time it comes up heads. D. nothing, there terms are synonymous, B. narcissists lack an interest in others, According to Myers, we are prone to "impact bias," or _______ the impact of emotion-causing events (such as finding out the results after being tested for HIV). A. transparency B. audience C. spotlight D. halo, 2. C)Volunteering to give blood. A. self-handicapping Once he feels like he knows that, he goes on. Examples of false consensus effect include believing that all people think that saving the environment is important because you feel that way, believing that all of your married friends must want to have children, because you believe that the only benefit of marriage is procreation, believing that all of your friends